Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is, bordered by Tanzania to the northeast, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the south, with a narrow strip of Namibia known as the Caprivi Strip to the southwest, Angola to the west, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the northwest.

History
The territory of Northern Rhodesia was administered by John Cecil Rhode's British South Africa Company from 1891 until it was formally administered as a British crown colony in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration.

Britain tried to administer Northern Rhodesia in a federation with Nysaland (Malawi) and Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) however this was opposed by Northern Rhodesia which was concerned that the majority of the investment and money would flow to the south. During this period to help build the economy the British built the Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River creating Lake Kariba, one of Africa's largest lakes and providing hydroelectric power for the area. The British granted self rule to their colonies in the period after the Second World War and after abandoning the federation idea Northern Rhodesia transferred to self government.

Climate
If you look at a map, Zambia appears to be squarely in the tropics, but thanks to its landlocked and elevated position it does have distinct seasons that run as follows:

Winter — May to July. The coolest time of the year, with average minimum temperatures 6-12°C during the day, can drop as low as 4 or 5°C at night; average maximum temperatures 21-26°C. Probably the best time of year to visit Zambia: come early in the dry season for birdwatching or to see Vic Falls at their biggest, or later when the bush has dried up for goodgame-spotting on safari.
Spring — August to September. The mildest time of the year, with average minimum temperatures 15-22°C and average maximum temperatures 25-30°C. Moonlight is the greatest this time of the year and you can literally read a book under the moonlight. Most of the traditional festivals are held during this reason. It is spring break for students.
Dry Summer — October to November. Hottest and driest time of the year with maximum temperatures up to 28-35°C. This is a good time for safaris as wildlife clusters around the few remaining watering holes.
Wet Summer — Late November to March. Minimum Temperatures range from 14 to 19°C, and maximum range 25-30. True to the name, there is a lot of rain — sometimes just an hour or two, sometimes for days on end. Great time for tropical fruits. Zambian mangoes are some of the greatest.
Autumn — Late March to April. Minimum Temperatures range from 9 to 15°C, and maximum range 22-28. This is the harvest season and there is plenty of fresh organic food. Zambia does not allow GMOs so if you are into organic foods, zambia is the place to be. The harvest festivals take place in winter.
Temperatures do fluctuate based on the altitude, if you are in a valley (such as the Zambezi) it will be warmer and if you are higher up (Kasama) it will be cooler.