Cairo University (Arabic: جامعة القاهرة‎, romanized: Gām‘et El Qāhira), also known as the Egyptian University from 1908 to 1940, and King Fuad I University and Fu'ād al-Awwal University from 1940 to 1952, is Egypt's premier public university. Its main campus is in Giza, immediately across the Nile from Cairo. 

It was founded on 21 December 1908; however, after being housed in various parts of Cairo, its faculties, beginning with the Faculty of Arts, were established on its current main campus in Giza in October 1929. It is the second oldest institution of higher education in Egypt after Al Azhar University, notwithstanding the pre-existing higher professional schools that later became constituent colleges of the university. 

It was founded and funded as the Egyptian University by a committee of private citizens with royal patronage in 1908 and became a state institution under King Fuad I in 1925. In 1940, four years following his death, the University was renamed King Fuad I University in his honor. It was renamed a second time after the Egyptian revolution of 1952. The University currently enrolls approximately 155,000 students in 20 faculties and 3 institutions. It counts three Nobel Laureates among its graduates and is one of the 50 largest institutions of higher education in the world by enrollment. 

While the medical school received a great deal of attention When the Egyptian scholar Ali Pasha Mubarak assumed the office of schools in 1868, he gathered a number of private (high) schools in Darb Al-Jamamiz Saray. He assigned each school a section of the Serail, and set up an equipped laboratory for chemistry and nature, a public library (the Khedive Book House) in 1870, and a large amphitheater in which he gave public lectures in various fields. The branches of knowledge, so that the opportunity for the establishment of an Egyptian university was almost given, as the spatial presence achieved a kind of scientific communication between the professors and each other and between them and the students. 

The education policy continued to be based on the link between the state’s need for employees and the expansion of schools throughout the British occupation (1882-1922), so the British paid attention to scribes without making the effort to develop them, while linking admission to primary education to the need for secondary education and higher education, so primary education expanded to the extent that suffices the needs of secondary schools And the (high) privacy of students, while working to upgrade this education and raise its level, and the need of those schools for students, is related to the state’s need for administrative and technical cadres, and admission to schools was limited to children who are able to pay the expenses. 

In particular - limited to a certain social class after competence and personal readiness were the criteria for selecting students in schools before the British occupation era, when education was free internally in all schools in the era of Muhammad Ali and Ismail It was natural that the financial allocations for educational missions gradually decreased until they almost stopped completely in the first ten years of the occupation. If the missions continued under the pressure of the national movement, the number of envoys decreased to no more than ten students. 

Graduates of different schools have reduced the number of students enrolled in higher schools in particular, and the Ministry of Education has determined the number of those admitted to schools, under the pretext of fearing an increase in the number of unemployed graduates, and increased school expenses in higher schools starting in 1905 to reduce the demand for higher education and limit it to the sons of notables only. Reducing employment in the Egyptian administration limited to the social elite cooperating with the occupation and banishing the middle class, among whom concentrated the leaven of national action against the occupation. 

And if higher education has become limited to the private, it must be dyed in English in order to link this social group to British culture, and thus it was decided in 1898 to make education in the School of Medicine in English. English began to grow gradually at the expense of the French section of the school, and missions headed to Britain after they were heading to France, so Arabization of education became a basic requirement of the national movement and the call for Arabization achieved some success. Law school in 1910, commercial education began to be Arab, and the Arabization of education in the teachers’ schools was delayed until after the 1919 revolution. 

The call for Arabization in the schools of Engineers, medicine, pharmacy and veterinary medicine failed. In the early twentieth century it was associated with the national struggle against the occupation of opposing educational policy and calling for a national education system expanded to include who wish to seek knowledge of the Egyptians and within the framework of that movement was the call for the establishment of ((Egyptian university)) after available to Egypt a deep base roots of higher education is the most important The Egyptian high schools, which were the nucleus of the Egyptian University later, according to the date of its founding